Southeast Asian Journal of Science and Technology

The Impact of BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) On Network Security: A Literature Review

Sandra E. Calias — 2024-12-31

Abstract - The BYOD (bring your own device) trend has changed the way organization’s function; it is beneficial and makes working more efficient with improved flexibility, productivity, and finding cost-effective solutions. But it also comes with serious security threats, such as viruses, data leaks and breaches, password cracking, and information leaking. Crosscutting Security Issues Related to BYOD Environments, there is always a risk when employees bring their own devices into the workplace. In this article, multiple wireless security problems related to unsecured devices, lack of access controls, and enforcing corporate policies have been identified. This also points to major approaches to minimize these risks through data loss prevention (DLP), mobile device management (MDM), and implementations of zero-trust security models. Results revealed that while BYOD can improve organizational efficiency, it also requires a strong security measure. To protect critical information and avoid security incidents, they need sound security practices like using strong password policies, security training for employees, multi-factor authentication, encrypting sensitive data and performing security audits to identify and address vulnerabilities are recommended. Subsequently, this paper motivates future research to explore the potential of new security technologies to assist in alleviating the changing threat landscape of BYOD.

Zero Trust Security in WFA Platforms: A Literature Review of Principles, Challenges and Best Practices

Melbert P. Marafo — 2024-12-31

The rise of Work-from-Anywhere (WFA) platforms has transformed work dynamics, offering flexibility while exposing organizations to heightened security risks that traditional perimeter-based security models cannot adequately address. This paper discusses crucial Zero Trust security principles applicable to WFA platforms, identifies best practices for implementation, and provides concrete recommendations for organizations that adopt these principles. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to examine existing research on Zero Trust frameworks and their application in WFA environments. Key principles such as least privilege access, continuous authentication, and network segmentation are emphasized as essential for safeguarding distributed workforces against unauthorized access and data breaches. Best practices for implementation include the use of Identity and Access Management (IAM) systems, continuous monitoring, and data encryption, all of which enhance security in WFA settings. The research highlights significant challenges such as integration with legacy systems, operational complexity, employee resistance, resource constraints, performance impacts, and scalability concerns. Addressing these obstacles requires phased implementation strategies, robust training programs, and adaptable solutions. This paper provides actionable recommendations, including prioritizing IAM, investing in monitoring technologies, enforcing network segmentation, and fostering a security-aware culture among employees. By adopting Zero Trust principles, organizations can effectively mitigate risks associated with remote work and enhance their overall security posture. Future research is encouraged to focus on industry-specific Zero Trust models and empirical evaluations to assess their long-term impact across diverse organizational contexts.

Smart Rad (Rider Alcohol Detector): A Motorcycle Safety System for La Trinidad, Benguet

Jhaynher M. Felix — 2024-12-31

Smart RAD (Rider Alcohol Detector) System is a Proof-of-Concept (PoC) aimed at addressing drunk driving among motorcyclists. The system integrates an alcohol sensor into a helmet, which wirelessly communicates with the motorcycle’s ignition system to prevent the engine from starting when alcohol is detected. A force-sensing resistor (FSR) ensures helmet usage, enhancing safety. Additionally, a mobile application provides real-time system monitoring. The system was developed using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) methodology, emphasizing user-centered design, iterative construction, and practical deployment. Architectural design was crucial in seamlessly integrating hardware and software components. Usability testing, guided by ISO 9241-11:2018 standards, revealed high user satisfaction, with respondents confident in the system’s potential to prevent drunk riding and enhance road safety. Smart RAD helps promote motorcycle safety, particularly through its innovative integration of alcohol detection and helmet compliance mechanisms.

Comparative Analysis of Starlink, Cellular Networks and Fiber Optics: Benefits, Applications, and Future Trends

Jehaiah P. Ambas — 2024-12-31

This paper reviews the utilization of Starlink satellite networks, fiber optics, and traditional cellular networks, focusing on their benefits, applications, and future trends. The study explores the roles of Starlink in providing global broadband coverage, particularly in underserved areas, and contrasts it with the performance and reach of established cellular networks and the unparalleled speed and reliability of fiber optics. In addition, the study conducts a comparative analysis of these network technologies, exploring their strengths, limitations, and potential applications in future developments. This paper also discusses emerging trends in network technology and how the convergence of satellite, cellular, and fiber-optic networks could shape the future of global communications. The findings reveal that while fiber optics remain the gold standard for high-speed and reliable connections, Starlink offers unique advantages for remote and rural areas. Cellular networks, on the other hand, excel in mobility and widespread coverage. The study concludes that integrating these technologies can address diverse connectivity needs and drive the evolution of global communication infrastructure.

Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Financial Performance in The Biggest Manufacturing Sub-Sectors Contributors of Global Warming: Perspective Literature Review

Uli Wildan Nuryanto — 2024-12-31

The manufacturing sector is the third contributor to global warming through significant greenhouse gas emissions and intensive energy use and the fourth majority contributor sub-sector manufacturers are the cement and lime industry, iron steel and aluminum industry, chemical industry, and refinery industry. This situation necessitates companies to take proactive measures to mitigate environmental impacts through the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR plays an increasingly important role in influencing the financial performance of companies, particularly in the manufacturing sector. Empirical research highlights the benefits of CSR on financial performance, starting with the enhancement of the company’s reputation and image. Manufacturing that actively runs CSR programs can improve their positive image in the eyes of stakeholders such as consumers, investors, and communities. Second, attract investors and increase market value. Investors tend to be more attracted to companies with a good track record of CSR as this indicates better risk management and long-term sustainability also increases investor confidence there by increasing the company's access to capital at lower costs. Third, operational efficiency and cost reduction. CSR programs focus on sustainability such as energy efficiency, waste management, and the use of environmentally friendly raw materials would help manufacturing companies reduce operational costs and increase profitability. Fourth, improving employee satisfaction and productivity. CSR that includes employee welfare, a safe working environment, and training development programs can increase morale, motivation, and productivity also influences employee satisfaction and increases loyalty and productivity by reducing employee turnover.

The Role of Employee Retention in Mediating the Effect of Training Culture and Management Support on Employee Performance

Muhammad Khairul Umam — 2024-12-31

This study aims to develop and determine the effect of a culture of training and management support on performance through employee retention. This study uses quantitative research methods with data processing methods and data analysis using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach. The sample in this study was 140 construction employees in Cilegon City. Data analysis tools use Smart PLS and SPSS using a Likert scale. The variables in this study are training culture using 2 indicators, 4 indicators of management support, 4 indicators of employee retention, and 4 indicators of performance. The number of hypotheses tested in this study was 7 hypotheses. Test results `1) the effect of training culture on employee retention 2) the effect of management support on employee retention 3) the effect of training culture on performance 4) the effect of management support on performance is not significant 5) the effect of employee retention on performance 6) data analysis on the influence of employee mediation retention with training culture on performance is significant 7) data analysis on the mediating effect of employee retention with management support on performance is significant. The conclusion from the results of hypothesis testing is that 6 hypotheses are accepted and 1 hypothesis is rejected.

The Influence of Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, and Operating Expenses on Return on Equity Study on Raw Material Producing Companies in the Plantation Sub-Sector Listed on the IDX Period 2018 – 2023

Muhamad Sahril Muarif — 2024-12-31

Profitability reflects a company's performance in generating profits and serves as an indicator of its financial condition. This study aims to determine the effect of Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and Operational Expenses on Return on Equity (ROE) in plantation subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2018-2023 period. The study uses a quantitative method with a population of 6 plantation companies listed on the IDX, selected using a purposive saturated sampling method, and financial statement data processed using SPSS version 25. The t-test results show that, partially, the Current Ratio positively and significantly affects ROE (tcount 2.497 > ttable 1.976; p = 0.03 < 0.05). The Debt-to-Equity Ratio negatively and significantly affects ROE (tcount -2.009 > -1.976; p = 0.001 < 0.05). Operational Expenses negatively but not significantly affect ROE (tcount -1.888 < -1.976; p = 0.061 > 0.05). The F-test results indicate that, simultaneously, CR, DER, and Operational Expenses significantly affect ROE (Fcount 2.993 > Ftable 2.44; p = 0.021 < 0.05). In conclusion, there is a partial and simultaneous effect of CR, DER, and Operational Expenses on ROE in plantation companies listed on the IDX during the 2018-2023 period.

The Influence of Total Quality Management, Supply Chain Management, and Knowledge Management on Company Performance through Increasing Company Competitiveness

Reinanda — 2024-12-31

This research aims to investigate the influence of total quality management, supply chain management, and knowledge management on company performance through increasing competitiveness. The type of research used in this research is quantitative research with the aim of testing predetermined hypotheses. In this study, the population was employees of the B3 Waste Processing and Utilization Company in Serang City, totaling 465 employees. The findings reveal that each of the variables tested positively influences company performance. Total effects analysis found that the P-value was 0.000 < 0.05 (alpha significance 5%). Therefore, the three mediations that have been tested are only pseudo or partial (partially mediating). A significant influence with a positive value on the coefficient means that the better it is, which means the higher the total quality of management, supply chain management, and management knowledge, the higher the company's performance through increased competitiveness.

Influence of Liquidity Ratio, Solvency Ratio, and Activity Ratio on Profitability Ratio

Evi Ratimah — 2024-12-31

Manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) are the most important contributors of information for investors, especially regarding information on financial ratios to financial performance. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of liquidity ratio, solvency ratio, and activity ratio on the financial performance of companies (a case study on manufacturing companies in the chemical sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2019-2023). The quantitative method was used for this research. The population in this study consists of 17 companies in the chemical sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), with a purposive sampling technique used to obtain 5 sample companies. Data was tested using IBM SPSS software version 25. The results of this study show that the results of the t-test (partial) on the Current Ratio (CR) with the t-> ttable calculation (3,878 > 1.66055) with a significance level (0.000 < 0.05), the Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) with the t-table > calculation (2,217 < 1.66055) with the significance level (0.029 > 0.05) while the Total Asset Turnover (TATO) with the calculation of < ttable (1,355 < 1.66055) and its significance value (0.179 < 0.05) and obtained the results of the F test (simultaneous) that the Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) and Total Asset Turnover (TATO) obtained the value of (5,587 > 2.47) and the significance value (0.001 < 0.05). The conclusions obtained show that the results of the t-test (partial) that Current Ratio (CR) and debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) have a positive and significant influence on Return on Asset (ROA) while Total Asset Turnover (TATO) partially does not affect Return on Asset (ROA). Simultaneously, the Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR), and Total Asset Turnover (TATO) affect the Return on Asset (ROA).

The Impact of Bitcoin Fluctuations, Exchange Rates and Interest Rates on JCI

Bella Renita — 2024-12-31

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of Bitcoin fluctuations, exchange rates, and interest rates on JCI both partially and simultaneously. The method used in the study is quantitative research with a correlational approach. Data is taken using the documentation method based on data that has been published by the company. The research was conducted in the 2019–2023 time range. The data analysis technique uses partial t-tests and simultaneous tests. The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant influence between the fluctuations of bitcoin on the JCI, there was a significant influence on the exchange rate on the JCI, there was an influence of interest rates on the JCI, and there was a joint influence of bitcoin, exchange rates and interest rates on the JCI. The novelty of this research lies in the location and time of the research, namely in companies engaged in the field, and will be carried out in 2024.

The Influence of Profitability, Liquidity, Solvency, and Company Size on Company Value in the Food and Beverage Industry Registered on BEI for the 2019-2023 Period

Yuni Wahyuningsih — 2024-12-31

Company value is the value of the assets owned by the company as a level of confidence for investors to invest. This research aims to determine the effect of profitability, liquidity, solvency, and company size on company value in food and beverage companies listed on the IDX for the 2019-2023 period. This research uses a quantitative approach with a population of 95 food and beverage companies. Through the purposive sampling method, 25 companies were obtained that met the specified sampling criteria. The analysis technique used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis. The data was processed with SPPS version 27. The results show that in partial terms Profitability (ROA) has a positive and significant effect, Liquidity (CR) has a negative and significant effect, Solvency (DER) has a positive and significant effect on Company Value while Company Size has no significant effect on Value Company. Simultaneously Profitability, Liquidity, Solvency, and Company Size influence Company Value..

SOLUPS: A Hybrid Solar Powered UPS Using Prismatic Lithium- Iron Phosphate Battery Pack

Hanz Ysrael S. Fronda — 2024-12-31

This study aimed to design and develop a solar-powered uninterruptible power supply (UPS) called SOLUPS, that can serve as a renewable backup power source. The study addresses related questions on the design of the SOLUPS such as the charging time, run-time, impact of other variables, and economic factors. Descriptive and developmental research methods were employed with the researchers’ knowledge of electrical engineering to conceptualize the design of the SOLUPS. This study designed and developed a solar-powered uninterruptible power supply (UPS) called SOLUPS, a backup power source. Results revealed a significant effect of the load wattage on the run-time, with the 200W load wattage providing longer run-time as compared to the 350W load wattage. The load type also influences the run-time, with DC loads having a slight advantage over the AC type of load. The study concludes that the SOLUPS’ design effectively addressed the research objectives and provided reliable backup power through solar energy. The charging time, run-time, and economic factors of the SOLUPS demonstrate its potential as a practical solution for power interruptions and the utilization of renewable energy. The SOLUPS is made of a 1280Wh Lithium-Iron Phosphate (LiFe PO4) battery pack with a 100Ah battery management system and a 5A capacitive active balancer. A low-voltage disconnect module is also added to protect the battery pack from draining. SOLUPS can deliver up to 800W of AC power with a pure sine wave.

Return on Assets of Construction Sector Companies Moderates The Determinants of Tax Avoidance

Nani Rohaeni — 2024-12-31

This research aims to determine and test the influence of fixed asset intensity and institutional ownership on tax avoidance and the moderating effect of ROA on the influence of fixed asset intensity and institutional ownership on tax avoidance. This research method uses descriptive quantitative methods with data in the form of financial reports from the BEI website. The research population includes 26 construction sector companies on the IDX for the 2019-2023 period, and a sample of 13 companies was selected using purposive sampling. The data analysis carried out was MRA regression with Eviews 12. The results of the data analysis showed that the influence of fixed asset intensity on tax avoidance had a probability value of 0.0389<0.05. The influence of institutional ownership on tax avoidance obtained a prob value of 0.8836>0.05. The influence of fixed asset intensity on tax avoidance is moderated by ROA, obtaining a prob value of 0.0001<0.05. The influence of institutional ownership on tax avoidance moderated by ROA prob value 0.5721>0.05. The conclusion is that fixed asset intensity influences tax avoidance. ROA can moderate the influence of fixed asset intensity on tax avoidance. Meanwhile, institutional ownership does not affect tax avoidance, and ROA cannot moderate the effect of institutional ownership on tax avoidance.

The Influence of Current Ratio, Debt to Equity, and Return on Assets on Stock Prices in The Media and Entertainment Subsector Companies Listed on The Indonesia Stock Exchange

Mia Alfia — 2024-12-31

This study examines the effect of Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and Return on Assets (ROA) on Stock Prices in media and entertainment sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2016-2023. This study uses a quantitative method with secondary data obtained from the annual financial reports of 7 media and entertainment sub-sector companies listed on the IDX. The results of the study indicate that CR does not have a significant effect on Stock Prices, while DER and ROA together have a significant effect on Stock Prices in media and entertainment sub-sector companies. This finding indicates that investors pay more attention to the capital structure and profitability of companies in this sub-sector than to liquidity. This study has several limitations, such as the limited number of samples and not considering other variables that may affect Stock Prices. Further research is expected to overcome these limitations and expand the analysis by including other variables and considering data from other sectors on the IDX.

The Influence of Current Ratio, Debt To Equity Ratio, and Total Asset Turn Over on Return on Assets in Manufacturing Companies Listed on the IDX for the 2019-2023 Period

Siti Magfiroh — 2024-12-31

Return on Assets is a profitability ratio used to measure a company's effectiveness in generating profits by utilizing the assets it owns. This research aims to determine the influence of Return on Assets (ROA), Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and Total Asset turnover (TATO) in industrial sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2019 period. -2023. The research method used in this research is associative quantitative research, with a quantitative approach with a population of 66 manufacturing companies in the industrial sector. The sampling method used in this research was purposive sampling, 7 companies were obtained that met the specified sampling criteria. The analysis technique used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis. The data was processed using SPSS Version 26. The results show that there is no influence on the current ratio (CR), debt to equity ratio (DER) partially has no influence, while total asset turnover (TATO) influences the return on assets (ROA). Simultaneously the current ratio (CR), debt-to-equity ratio (DER), and total asset turnover (TATO) influence Return on Assets (ROA).

The Influence of Insurance Company Health, Premium Growth, Claim Burden, and Underwriting on Profitability of Insurance Companies in Indonesia

Yola Fayunada — 2024-12-31

This study investigates the influence of insurance company health, premium growth ratio, claim burden, and underwriting on profitability in Indonesian insurance companies. The research utilizes annual financial reports from 9 insurance companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2019 to 2023. The data is analyzed using panel data regression with an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) approach. The findings reveal that Risk-Based Capital (RBC), premium growth, claim burden, and underwriting do have a significant impact on profitability. The study suggests that insurance companies should focus on effective business strategies. Factors influencing profitability, such as risk management, marketing strategies, and market conditions.

The Influence of Cash Turnover, Receivables Turnover, and Inventory Turnover on Profits (Case Study on Food and Beverage Companies Listed on The Indonesian Stock Exchange Period 2019-2023)

Rian Andika Putra — 2024-12-31

This research objectives to determine the effect of Cash Turnover, Receivables Turnover, and Inventory Turnover on Profits in Food and Beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2019-2023 period. This research uses quantitative methods with secondary data. The population used is 95 food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2019-2023 period. The Accounts Receivable Turnover variable has no effect and is not significant on Profit with the result -1.311 < -1.66864 with a significance value of 0.195 > 0.05 so that H0 is accepted and Ha is rejected. The Inventory Turnover variable has no effect and is not significant on Profit with the result -2.440 > 1.66864 with a significance value of 0.018 > 0.05 so that Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. The results of the research on the F test (simultaneous) show that the variables Cash Turnover, Receivables Turnover, and Inventory Turnover simultaneously have an influence and significance on Profit with an F-count result of 7.357 with a significance of 0.000, while the F-table is 2.77. then this means, F-count > F-table and significant < 0.05 so that Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. The conclusions obtained show that partial Cash Turnover has a significant effect on Profit, Partial Receivables Turnover has no effect and is not significant on Profit, and Inventory Turnover partially has a significant effect on Profit. Then simultaneously Cash Turnover, Receivables Turnover, and Inventory Turnover have a significant and significant effect on the Profits of Food and Beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2019-2023 period.

Analysis of the Decision to Choose a Store Seen from Product Quality, Product Diversity, and Digital Communication with Store Image as an Intervening Variable

Budi Burhanudin AS — 2024-12-31

The development of offline stores is facing major challenges to compete with the ease of shopping offered by e-commerce. Before making a purchasing decision, Marketing Management needs to know the right way for consumers to decide to purchase at the store. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of product quality, Product Diversity, Digital Communication, and Store Image on the decision to choose a store and store image as an intervening variable. The method used in this study was qualitative and statistical description with Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Model Analysis with data processing using SmartPLS Version 3.2.9. With a population of 8977 members of the employee cooperative (KOPKAR 71) and a sample of 269 respondents, the data collection technique was a questionnaire distributed to respondents with answers that were collected back as many as 269 responses. The results showed that Product Quality, Product Diversity, digital communication, and store image had a significant positive effect on Store Selection Decisions and Store Image as an intervening variable at the Employee Cooperative in the Nikomas Gemilang Industrial Area.

The Influence of Company Size, Leverage, and Profitability on Company Value in the Food and Beverage Industry in the Year Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2023 Period

Asifa Nur Afrida — 2024-12-31

This research aims to analyze the influence of company size, leverage, and profitability on company value in food and beverage sector companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2019-2023 period. The research method uses quantitative methods with secondary data obtained from IDX-published financial reports. The research population involved all food and beverage sector companies listed on the IDX during that period, with samples selected using a purposive sampling method based on certain inclusion criteria. The sample consists of 8 leading companies in the food and beverage sector that meet the requirements. The results of the analysis show that Company Size has a significant negative effect on Company Value, while Leverage has no significant effect. Profitability, on the other hand, has a significant negative influence on Company Value. This finding implies that large assets can have a positive impact on company performance, while non-optimal leverage and profitability management can be detrimental to company value. This study provides an in-depth understanding of the factors that influence company value in the food and beverage industry, as well as providing insight for investors and managers in managing company assets effectively.

The Influence of Mastery of Digital Literacy and Innovation Ability on Welfare with Intervening Variables on the Performance of Fisheries MSME Actors in Serang Regency

TB. Heri Kusnadi — 2024-12-31

The research aims to investigate the influence of mastery of digital literacy and innovation skills on welfare with the intervening variable the performance of fisheries MSME actors. The research location is in Serang district, Banten Province. The type of research used is quantitative. The author decided to take a sample of 250 respondents from the calculation results. There were seven findings obtained. Three variables, namely digital marketing literacy, innovative thinking patterns, and digital marketing literacy have a positive effect on the competitiveness of small businesses. Each positive value in the parameter coefficient means that the higher the three variables, the higher the competitiveness of small businesses. The next two variables show that each variable, namely innovative thinking patterns and small business competitiveness, has a significant effect on small business performance. Small business competitiveness does not have a mediating effect between digital marketing literacy and small business performance. This shows that digital marketing literacy can directly influence the performance of small businesses. However, it does not have an indirect effect through the mediation of small business competitiveness. From the results of the total effects analysis, it was found that the relationship between variables was still significant with a P-value of 0.001 < 0.05 (alpha significance 5%). Thus, it can be concluded that this mediation is only pseudo or partial (partially mediating). The hope is that by improving these factors, the welfare of fisheries MSME players will improve due to high performance.

The Influence of Liquidity, Profitability and Leverage on Financial Distress Conditions in State-Owned Banks Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2023 Period

Yulistiyani — 2024-12-31

Financial distress is a stage of decline in a company's financial condition that occurs before bankruptcy. This research aims to determine the effect of liquidity, profitability, and leverage on financial distress conditions in state-owned banks listed on the IDX for the 2019-2023 period. This research used a sample of 4 companies with a total of 80 financial reports researched. The sampling technique uses a saturated sample technique or uses the entire existing population. The data analysis method in this research uses the multiple linear regression analysis method. The data was processed using SPSS version 27. The results show that partial Liquidity (CR) has a positive and significant effect, Profitability (ROA) has a positive and significant effect, and Leverage (DAR) has no effect and is not significant on Financial Distress conditions. Simultaneously Liquidity, Profitability, and Leverage have a significant effect on Financial Distress conditions.